ConflictClarifier

2026 Iran-Gulf Crisis Tracker
CC
Events Archive
strikeAug 25, 2026

Houthi strikes threaten to pull Yemen into Middle East war

Summary

Houthi strikes threaten to pull Yemen into Middle East warAugust 25, 2026 Yemen is increasingly at risk of backsliding into full-scale conflict. On Monday, Yemen's Iran-backed Houthi militia attacked another crude oil tanker in the Red Sea off the coast of Saudi Arabia. The attack followed earlier strikes on Saudi oil infrastructure and other ships in the nearby Bab el-Mandeb Strait. The waterway connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and has served as an alternative route for oil exports from Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries affected by Iran's ongoing blockade of the Strait of Hormuz. In August, the Houthis also attacked areas under the control of the Saudi-backed Yemeni government, particularly the port city of Mokha. Yemen's internationally recognized government targeted Houthi infrastructure in response. "Mokha overlooks the Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb Strait, which is strategically important to the Houthis," Hisham Al-Omeisy, a Yemeni conflict analyst, told DW. "In the long term, the Houthis want to weaken the government's control over the Red Sea coastal areas and they aim for full control of the governate Al-Hudeydah [of which Mokha is a part] to continue their strategy of exerting pressure on global maritime trade," he predicted. The current military flare-up ended four years of relative calm between the Houthis and Yemen's internationally recognized government, backed by Saudi Arabia. However, Al-Omeisy notes that there are also two other aspects that drive the latest Houthi strategy. Following the ceasefire in 2022, Saudi Arabia has continued to support the Yemeni government financially and militarily. Saudi Arabia also never fully lifted its air and port blockades in areas under Houthi control. Despite this, the Houthis consolidated their position as Yemen's de facto rulers. In Al-Omeisy's view, the Houthis now hope to extract additional concessions from Saudi Arabia. "The Houthis are under a lot of pressure locally to deliver on their promises, for example, to reform the government, pay salaries and improve livelihoods," Al-Omeisy said. He therefore believes that the Houthis are using the wider Middle East war to distract from their failure to deliver in these areas by "saying that we are now busy with another war." The Houthi strikes are also carefully timed, Al-Omeisy added. "They've learned their lessons from how Iran managed to basically dominate the Strait of Hormuz," he said, adding that the blockade of imports and oil exports leaves Saudi Arabia in a very vulnerable position. Saudi Arabia's balancing act with the Houthi militia "Instability in Yemen is no longer simply a problem on Saudi Arabia's southern border," Alice Gower, director of geopolitics and security at the London-based consulting firm Azure Strategy, told DW. "Ultimately, Saudi Arabia wants a more secure Red Sea, but also wants to achieve that without becoming trapped in another war in Yemen," she added. "Saudi Arabia's priority is protecting the economic transformation under Vision 2030 which also explains why Saudi Arabia increasingly sees the Red Sea as one connected theater rather than separate crises in Yemen, Sudan and the Horn of Africa," Gower said, noting that Houthi attacks threaten shipping, raise insurance costs, deter investors and disrupt the infrastructure on which Vision 2030 increasingly depends. In turn, Saudi Arabia has updated its defense policy, she also noted in a recent op-ed. "Riyadh has been focusing on building a broader security architecture that could reduce the burden of defending its maritime interests." Earlier in July, Saudi Arabia spearheaded the creation of a multinational Maritime Defense Alliance with more than 14 countries, including Saudi Arabia's strong ally and Iran's adversary, the United States. "The new Saudi-led maritime coalition is part of that approach as it allows Riyadh to spread the security burden, strengthen regional deterrence and counter threats across the Bab el-Mandeb, Red Sea and Gulf of Aden as part of the same security problem," Gower said, adding that it is yet to be proven to be effective. In August, Saudi Arabia also joined a defense pact with Pakistan and Turkey, the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement. However, analysts again point out that this new pact is yet to show "operational relevance." For Mohammed al-Basha, founder of the US-based risk advisory firm Basha Report, none of these coalitions and alliances will actually help Saudi Arabia avoid being dragged back into war in Yemen. In an interview with the Financial Times newspaper he said that "they either give the Houthis $5 billion and allow them to fly directly to Tehran, allow them to dock any ship at their ports, and hope they are not going to come back in a few years and ask for $10 billion…or you use that $5 billion to support your anti-Houthi coalition of Yemenis to push the Houthis to get down from their high horse and negotiate." Humanitarian situation depends on a peaceful roadmap For the population, neither of these scenarios spell hope for real peace. According to the United Nations, Yemen is still suffering from one of the world's worst humanitarian crises after years of war between 2014 and 2022. More than half the population is in need of humanitarian assistance. "I urge all parties to halt immediately any actions that risk returning Yemen to full-scale conflict," the UN high commissioner for human rights Volker Türk warned in a recent statement. "It feels impossible to imagine worse conditions for people in Yemen right now," Niku Jafarnia, Yemen researcher at Human Rights Watch, told DW. "And yet, renewed conflict between the Houthis and the Saudi-led coalition threatens to worsen conditions further," she warned. With Yemen's humanitarian crisis already so severe, the question is whether the latest escalation in Yemen can still be contained through diplomacy. For the Yemeni Nobel Peace Prize laureate and human rights defender Tawakkol Karman, any serious peace effort must begin by addressing the root cause of the crisis: the collapse of the Yemeni state and the undermining of its institutions. In a recent meeting with representatives of UN Security Council member states, Karman said that in her view, the National Dialogue outcomes — reached through consensus among all Yemeni components including the Houthis, under UN auspices and with the endorsement of the Security Council — remain the most realistic roadmap for peace.

Actors involved

USIranProxyUN

Sources

  • Jennifer HolleisBy Jennifer Holleis

    Houthi strikes threaten to pull Yemen into Middle East warAugust 25, 2026 Yemen is increasingly at risk of backsliding into full-scale conflict. On Monday, Yemen's Iran-backed Houthi militia attacked another crude oil tanker in the Red Sea off the coast of Saudi Arabia. The attac

See this event through different lenses

Compare how Western, Iranian, Israeli, Global South, and Pro-Peace perspectives frame this event.

Compare Perspectives

Community Notes

Community Notes

Loading notes...

Related events

strikeUnverifiedIsraelIranProxyChina
1 source

(RTTNews) - Extending the losses from yesterday, crude oil prices have plummeted on Tuesday as investors saw the U.S. administration's move to completely isolate Iran economically in lieu of military strikes as a beginning sign for easing of gulf tensions.

WTI Crude Oil for October month delivery was last seen trading down by $2.83 (or 3.33%) at $82.18 per barrel. Yesterday, the six-month-long U.S.-Iran conflict entered a significant phase of escalation. Focusing on cutting funding coming from five lifelines to Iran that included digital assets, technology, gold, aviation, and shipping, U.

S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced an economic campaign against Iran, termed "Operation Economic Outcast." The U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control sanctioned nearly 60 entities, individuals, and vessels that aid Iranian operations. It also suspended multiple licenses that authorized remittance payments to Iran.

Threatening to impose secondary sanctions on Iran's "enablers," which could be countries, businesses, or organizations, Bessent called on world leaders to choose between the U.S. and Iran. Bessent also warned that countries that do not severe their trade ties with Iran would be forced out of the dollar-based financial system.

Iran pledged to fight back against the economic offensive. Iran's Minister for Economy Ali Madanizadeh announced that Iran was prepared to respond to the new threats. Iran also claimed that the U.S. was keen to revive talks. Iranian Parliament member Abbas Golroo stated that Pakistan's Army Chief Asim Munir brought a message from the U.

S. to Iran aiming to revive the halted political process. The U.S. administration is yet to comment on this, though. After his Iran visit, Pakistan's Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi stated that Iran made "significant progress" in talks on the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran and prospects for peace.

Experts point out that for weeks, there have been no major strikes launched by the U.S. against Iran nor by Iran on its neighbors. Experts are of the view that with the U.S. adopting economic measures to force Iran to come to its terms in place of any military endeavor, concerns of a war in the Middle East, at least in the near-term, remain abated.

Further adding weightage to this perspective, the New York Times reported that the U.S. is preparing to send diplomats back to embassies in the Middle East, suggesting that the U.S. administration is not anticipating a full-blown war in the gulf in the immediate future.

These diplomats were evacuated from their respective embassies back to the U.S., before and during the war with Iran. Meanwhile, the U.K. Maritime Trade Operations center stated that an oil tanker was struck on Tuesday by an unknown projectile and disabled, around 17 km northeast of Oman at Shisah region without sharing further specifications Last Friday, Axios reported that around 40 tankers transited in and out of the Strait of Hormuz through its southern deep-water channel on Friday night.

Reportedly, nearly 16 million barrels of oil were moved out. Reuters reported, citing Kpler's data, that only one large gas carrier entered the strait from the Gulf of Oman on Monday, down from six vessels of different sizes on Sunday. Traders are also waiting to see how U.

S.-China relations change after yesterday's warning from the U.S. to all nations tied to Iran. With China being the largest destination for Iranian oil exports as well as a provider of financial channels for Iran-related trade, any move by the U.S. against China could cause friction in U.

S.-China economic relations and reignite a trade war. Of note, Chinese President Xi Jinping is scheduled to visit the U.S. on September 24. Elsewhere in the Middle East, the Iran-linked Houthi rebel group of Yemen targeted a Saudi oil tanker, Amzan, in the Red Sea, off Yanbu with a ballistic missile and drones.

The U.S. dollar index was last seen trading at 98.92, down by 0.04 (or 0.04%) today.

strikeUnverifiedIran
1 source

Years of warnings about the digital vulnerabilities lurking inside basic utilities are colliding with a new reality: AI is making those weaknesses easier for hackers to exploit.Why it matters: AI is lowering the barrier for state-backed hackers looking to disrupt or manipulate water systems, power plants and other critical infrastructure.

Driving the news: A recent wave of cyberattacks targeting critical infrastructure is raising new questions about the preparedness of U.S. water systems and a British power plant.The Telegraph reported that Iran-backed hackers broke into a U.K. power plant, prompting a four-day shutdown around the time a series of cyberattacks on U.

S. water systems began. U.S. officials warned last week that hackers were actively using an AI-generated exploitation script to target a device commonly found in critical infrastructure that has played a key role in the ongoing attacks on U.S. water systems.

Markus Mueller, field CISO at critical infrastructure security firm Nozomi Networks, told Axios he has medium confidence that the U.S. and U.K. attacks are linked to the same threat actor.The big picture: Policymakers have been warning for years that weak cybersecurity across critical infrastructure could eventually have real-world consequences.

Five years ago, Sen. Angus King (I-Maine) warned Congress that cyber weaknesses across U.S. water utilities represented "an extremely dangerous situation.""We're the most wired country in the world. That's good," he told lawmakers. "But we're also the most vulnerable country in the world.

" Between the lines: AI isn't fundamentally changing how hackers break into these systems. It's reducing the time and expertise needed to understand specialized equipment and exploit weaknesses that already exist, experts told Axios.Suspected Iranian hackers have long studied U.

S. critical infrastructure, including how specialized devices such as programmable logic controllers work.Historically, threat actors might have needed to obtain the devices themselves or pore over technical manuals before they could successfully target them, Mueller said.

Now, AI is lowering the "time, cost, and expertise needed to take advantage of weaknesses that already exist," Diana Kelley, chief information security officer at Noma Security, told Axios.Reality check: Governments haven't simply ignored the problem.

But efforts to impose stronger security requirements have moved slowly and repeatedly run into legal, political and funding hurdles.The Environmental Protection Agency attempted during the Biden administration to require water utilities to implement basic cybersecurity measures, but it later rescinded the policy after legal challenges from states and industry groups.

Recent federal cuts to cybersecurity resources and uncertainty around federal grant funding for state and local governments "leaves communities more vulnerable to future cyberattacks," Mayuresh Dani, a security research manager at Qualys, told Axios.

Cyber hygiene guidance and government advisories alone won't keep pace with attackers, John Gallagher, vice president at automated cybersecurity firm Viakoo, told Axios."Adversaries will always have an upper hand because of speed when cyber defense relies on bureaucratic budget cycles and multiyear legislative processes," Gallagher said.

Yes, but: So far, the recent attacks appear to have caused only limited disruptions.In some towns, hackers affected the pressure levels for local water supplies and officials issued precautionary boil-water advisories. The Telegraph reported that the cyberattack on the local power plant "had no impact on the U.

K.'s wider power supply or energy generation. "The intrigue: Critical infrastructure remains an alluring target for nation-state hackers precisely because even relatively small disruptions can have highly visible consequences, Margaret Cunningham, vice president of security and AI strategy at Darktrace, told Axios.

"AI gives attackers more speed and reach, but it doesn't erase the problems critical infrastructure organizations have been dealing with for years, including exposed operational technology, difficulty patching and systems that cannot simply be switched off," she said.

What to watch: Key details about the U.K. incident remain unknown, including what type of power plant was targeted and which devices the hackers accessed, Mueller said.

strikeUnverifiedUSIsraelIranProxy
1 source

The United States and Israel have cited Iran's nuclear program and ballistic missile capabilities as primary sources of regional concern. Specific assertions regarding Tehran's broader strategic intentions remain subjects of ongoing international debate and verification.

Location: Tehran