A Department of War Inspector General report estimates that Operation Epic Fury has cost $33.4 billion as of June 29, a figure that excludes the unquantified expense of repairing military infrastructure damaged by Iranian attacks on U.S. bases across eight Middle Eastern countries.

While the Pentagon attributes the damage to Iranian strikes, independent analysts suggest the total cost may be significantly higher, with one estimating potential expenditures of $112.3 billion by late July.