According to Reuters and Vortexa, Iran’s seaborne crude exports reportedly fell to zero in September 2026, with an estimated 43 million barrels trapped west of the Strait of Hormuz, though some petroleum products like LPG continued to be exported. While Iran is increasingly utilizing land borders to facilitate trade in non-oil goods, these routes are generally considered a partial buffer rather than a full substitute for maritime oil revenue, as they depend on external political cooperation and remain subject to sudden disruptions, such as recent suspensions at Pakistan border crossings.