Regulatory & monitoring
International Atomic Energy Agency
UN-affiliated nuclear safeguards body; the standard external reference for Iranian enrichment levels and inspection access.
Role in conflict
The IAEA conducts safeguards inspections of declared nuclear facilities under the Non-Proliferation Treaty and the JCPOA-era Additional Protocol. Its quarterly reports on Iranian enrichment levels, stockpile sizes, and cooperation status are the most authoritative non-aligned data source on the programme. The IAEA does not have police powers; it monitors and reports.
Objectives
- Maintain inspection access and continuity of monitoring
- Report enrichment levels and stockpile sizes accurately
- Resolve outstanding safeguards questions
Constraints
- Limited tools when access is restricted
- Political pressure from member states on both sides